Author: Invo

By Hilmelda Tenkeu

(hilmeldatenkeu@gmail.com)

Thumbnail Photo Courtesy of http://hi.photoslurp.com/

Gone are the days were having a formal education and obtaining a degree was the goal. With evolution and globalization, the goal is making money and “living the life”. Therefore, it is not surprising to see a TV host dressed by popular designers, with 1 million+ followers on Instagram or social media at large.

A professional in a particular field conforms to the technical and ethical standards of a profession. They go through a defined period of training aimed at acquiring a skill that will be applied to solve a problem, in exchange for payment (although not always). On the other hand, an influencer is a person or group that can influence the behavior, actions and/or opinions of others.

Influencers are hired and paid according to their degree of impact on the population, that is, via the number of followers and likes/views that they have on social media. Therefore, they create content frequently in order to entertain and keep their followers. They trade their experiences and lifestyles for visibility. The more visibility, the more money they are paid to advertise a product, be a brand ambassador, and many other gigs. Professionals on the other side, are hired to offer a particular skill for which they have trained and obtained a certificate of learning. Thus, they have to acquire a skill, prove that they master it by practicing, and lastly, practicing it over a long period. The longer the experience, the more expensive their service becomes. This is especially true with media.

In media, especially in front of the cameras, experience is absolutely rewarding. For instance, Caroline Mutoko is a media icon in Kenya today but she has been practicing for more than 15 years. She has now mastered what to say or not, what the audience wants to hear or not, how to approach a technical topic and other critical aspects of hosting a show or talking on TV and radio. However, there is a new tendency of hiring influencers to host TV and radio shows.

It seems like the focus has changed from doing the job well and informing the audience while making money, to solely making money. The new focus involves hiring influencers that have a huge following on social media and using that already established visibility to set the trend. This completely changes the cycle. Yesteryears, media would determine the trend: what was acceptable or not, what music to consume or not, and what movie to watch or not. But these days, the followers set the pace and this is not always right or moral at all.

Also, hiring influencers as media personalities trivializes the job. When a person who has not trained and mastered the art of transmitting information in a way that is pleasant to the ears takes that job, it makes it look easy. Being fluent and eloquent is not enough to work in media. There are technicalities that one has to learn. There are regulations that have been put in place by different regulatory bodies that need to be respected. Owning a youtube channel or indulging in live videos on social media are not near similar to talking on TV or radio. In the former situation, influencers are often their own producers and editors whereas, in the latter situation, they have to adhere to principles of media and talking to a diverse audience.

Another important point that is often neglected is lifestyle. Influencers can often afford to live a lifestyle that professionals cannot. A Cameroonian influencer once said, “ in one month, I can make money that a trained journalist will never make until the dawn of his career”. As heavy as the statement is, it is true. Influencers are endorsed by brands based on the number of followers. If they have a great reach, they are paid a good deal as well. Hence, when they are hired as media personalities, their salary is not the same as that of the professional. The professional feels undermined as though they made a wrong choice to spend 4 years and more studying and training for this profession. This can be frustrating and therefore, explains why some professionals have become influencers. For instance, Jeff Koinange, “the voice” who works at Citizen TV, now calls himself an influencer. He is endorsed by huge brands for ads.

Moreover, less than a year ago, a new TV channel was launched in Cote d’Ivoire. Five of the news anchors and hosts are influencers with hundreds of thousands of followers. This is clearly a strategy from the owners of the TV channel to; have a ready-made viewership and immediately be the top channel in the country. Well, several conventional viewers and professionals of the field have condemned this, terming it “too easy”. But the question is: how much are they paid? This amount should be enormous, given that these influencers have altered their schedules and have had to reject some endorsement opportunities.

In Kenya however, hiring influencers as media personalities has not worked so well. Recently, a radio host was fired for going against company policies in speech. When asked about this happening, Berna Akang, a communication student, said “well, these are the results of hiring non-trained people to do a job that demands time, watching what we say and how we say it… I prefer going through the training, getting the job, and building my brand so as to become an influencer, instead of starting as an influencer. It just does not cut it for me”. Clearly, the world is now digital, and technology has the final say.

Media actors and decision-makers have to sit and redefine who a journalist is and is not. The structure and principles of being a media personality have to be rethought as well, taking into consideration the introduction of influencers. What started as including comedians as co-hosts for fun interviews, has taken another turn.

By Winnie Barake,

(winniemoraa6232@gmail.com)

The culture, evolution, and history of women of African descent reflect the evolution and history of the African continent itself.

Numerous studies regarding women’s history in African nations have been conducted, focusing on their historic roles and status in specific countries and regions, such as Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Nigeria, Lesotho, and sub-Saharan Africa. Recently, scholars have begun to look at the evolution of women’s status in African history; focusing on less common attributions such as songs from Malawi, weaving techniques in Sokoto, and historical linguistics.

African women have always been active in agriculture, trade, and other economic pursuits, but a majority of them are in the informal labor force. In 1985, women’s share in the African labor force ranged from 17 per cent, in Mali, to 49 per cent in Mozambique and Tanzania (1989). African women are guardians of their children’s welfare and have an explicit responsibility to provide for them materially. They are the household managers, with the responsibility to provide for their families, as well as taking care of them.

As a mother, a woman has a privileged relationship with her son, regardless of who/how he turns out to be. This privileged ascendancy enjoyed by the son is long-lasting and the mother can use her prerogative to advise or even command her son. In most cases, the son listens to his mother more than he does to his father. She is the foundational pillar upon which all family and community structures rely. The African mother is more than a domestic cook; in charge of managing the household. In a way, she manages the entire community and is more efficient than any “First Lady.”

The African mother indirectly exercises her power through her motherly attributes. There is an African depiction of decision-making processes where the role of the woman as mother is omnipresent, as opposed to the Western traditions of power relationships. In her capacity as the most influential person in society, she is respected, and feared, as well as, honored and admired. In traditional Africa, the role played by queen mothers in the foundation of the empire and the establishment of civil peace is noticeable. Nowadays, socially empowered women still play a deciding role in the structuring and development of their society. Similarly, some African societies are represented/recognized by matriarchy where the obvious political influence of a mother, as the source and principle of power, is recognized.

As a spouse, the African woman is not just a “female”, but also, a partner equally involved in the process of building the family as the nucleus of the community. The subjugation she suffers from today on the grounds of her being the “weaker sex”; is falsely determined by the difference in the so-called gender roles.

The third specific attribute of the African woman is her role as an educator. Education entails not only the teaching of human and cultural values but as mothers and educators, women lead their sons and daughters on the road to a good life. Genuine education involves the shaping of character through the example of the educator. This challenging aspect of the role of the African woman requires that she lives a life worthy of imitation. In African tradition, women are the first pedagogues in the sense that they are the first to lead their children. It is this attribute that explains why African women are capable of doing anything they can to sustain a disrupted family.

Traditional organizational structures have changed so much in African society due to colonial legacy. Women, traditionally in the shadow of power, can no longer play the discreet but efficient role assigned to them. Nowadays, they are too often overshadowed by powerful men known as dictators. Their presence must be more visible.

Their status, claim some rights to be recognized as favors for the woman. Most importantly, what matters is the question of recognition de facto of the prevailing situation: There can be no development of African societies when women who are the agents of this policy of well-being are left out.

The role of African women in the context of violence is to restore peace. The survival of African societies depends mostly on women in recognition of their role as life-givers and peacekeepers.

Only women can champion developmental policies by scrutinizing whether the proposal of a better life by development theorists does promote life in Africa. Therefore, the argument is to provide for African women socio-political structures and spaces where they can result in conflict resolutions.

Because they know the price of life more than anyone else, they would do whatever they can to protect fragile lives. And in times of peace, when development is possible, women manage the dying organizations with their practical marketing skills for the benefit of the whole national community.

Women can use their ability as peacekeepers to play other important roles only if their places as a mother, spouse, and educator are recognized. It is only by recognizing the feminine role with its specific primacy on life issues that the development of African nations will be effective.

By Daniel Nyaga 

(danielnyaga.dn@gmail.com) 

Thumbnail Photo Courtesy of kenyayote.com

Article writing is an art that not everyone can pull off. At the end of the day, people often write because they have to communicate or ensure that some things are put to paper. However, few individuals pay attention to the flow and flavor of a piece. 

Below are some tips on how to write a good article:

The Headline Should Be Attention-Grabbing 

Just like the title of a book, the headline of your article should stand out. The title of an article has the potential to make or break you. Therefore, as a writer, your title must be creative as it tells a lot and will dictate whether you shall get people to read and finish what you have written or not. Your headline should also guide your readers and give them a sense of wanting to go on and leave them anticipating for more.

Research On Your Topic 

If your writing is to be associated with credibility, you should have sources that can back what you are saying. Depending on what you are writing, the forms of research may vary. Some works will require in–depth research and there are others that you may require very little research. Always look for extra sources of information to add to the background knowledge that you possess. 

Be Succinct

No writer wants their readers thinking, “Gosh I have to read all of this?” a few sentences in the paragraph. If you can communicate in a few words do so. It is important to eliminate the unnecessary words from your writing to ensure your reader does not have to fight through jargon before getting to the core of the article or even halfway through. Being brief and to the point is helpful as your readers shall be encouraged to read your work. 

Proofread Your Work 

Proofreading your work goes beyond spotting the grammatical errors in a text. It also involves sentence structure and the words that are used to illustrate your message. Read through your work once you are done and the appropriate changes that are required. Can you use a different word in place of what you have used? Can you communicate your points in fewer words? Is the punctuation okay? These are some of the questions that you can ask yourself. 

Start with a Summary

Let your readers know what they are going to find in your article with the first two sentences or the first paragraph. This enables them to get the information faster since people are busy and some will not have time to go through the whole article.

Paint A Picture 

Lastly, creativity, consistency, and chronology are some of the characteristics of a fantastic article. Your choice of words, timing, and prioritization of your events will have a great impact on whether your reader will finish your article or they will get bored with the first paragraph. Creativity is an important aspect when it comes to article writing. Let your readers be able to go on an adventure as they read your article.

Baraka Mboya

(barakamboya700@gmail.com)

Safaricom has become the first telecommunications operator in East Africa to offer 5G services to its subscribers. The firm launched the upgraded network in major towns of Nairobi, Kisii, Kakamega and Kisumu, on Friday.

According to Business Daily, the operator aimed to offset a decline in voice revenue by cashing in on growing demand for mobile data.

“At Safaricom, we are proud to be the first in the country and the region to bring the latest innovation to both our retail and enterprise customers empowering them to start exploring new opportunities that 5G provides,” said CEO of Safaricom, Peter Ndegwa.

In a statement with Mobile World View, the firm stated that it partnered with Nokia and Huawei for the rollout.

As part of its trial, Safaricom will expand to 150 new sites across nine towns in the next 12 months. The decision to launch 5G in the first 4 towns was to test if its users will be able to enjoy its amazing speed of 700 megabits per second(mbps) and 1000 as time goes on.

The 5G supports heavy internet usage and one million devices in a square kilometer unlike 4G which supports 100,000 per square kilometer.

However, Mr. Ndegwa acknowledged that the cost will be a barrier to entry since to access 5G network, you need a device that can support 5G which are expensive to buy, going for at least Ksh60,000.

“With new technology, the uses could be fewer at the beginning but as we test and expand use cases, we expect the experience to be better and the cost will come down,” he said.

He also mention that the firm has in the recent past, has been trying to increase its number of 4G users since only 20% of registered Safaricom users have 4G devices.